| 摘要: |
| 以上海市售14种常见茎叶类蔬菜（青菜、杭白菜、菊苣、苜蓿（草头）、韭菜、芹菜、大白菜、结球甘蓝（卷心菜）、生菜、红苋菜、茼蒿菜、蕹菜（空心菜）、木耳菜及油麦菜）和2种不常见蔬菜（日本菘菜和鸡冠菜）为研究对象,测定其水分、维生素C、蛋白质和可溶性糖等的含量.同时,因上海市民的消费习惯多以硝酸盐高富集型的茎叶类蔬菜为主,测定了各常食蔬菜中的硝酸盐含量,并对其进行卫生分级评价.结果表明：在16种被测蔬菜中,水分含量最高和最低的蔬菜分别为茼蒿和草头,维生素C和蛋白质含量最高者均为草头,可溶性糖含量最高者为卷心菜；硝酸盐含量最低和最高的蔬菜分别为大白菜和红苋菜.在市售不常见的2种蔬菜中,鸡冠菜的4项营养指标比较均衡且其积累硝酸盐的能力较弱,适合在上海市推广种植,可助力上海市“菜篮子”工程.总体而言,所测16种蔬菜的硝酸盐含量均未达到严重污染程度,上海市居民常食的茎叶类蔬菜硝酸盐指标处于相对安全水平. |
| 关键词: 市售 茎叶类蔬菜 营养成分 安全性 |
| DOI：10.20192/j.cnki.JSHNU（NS）.2024.05.011 |
| 分类号:TS255.1 |
| 基金项目:上海植物种质资源工程技术研究中心项目（ 17DZ2252700） |
|
| Analysis of nutrient components and nitrate safety risk of common edible stemmy and leafy vegetables in Shanghai |
|
ZHANG Junhui1,2, YANG Xudong1, CUI Wen1,2, JIN Minfeng1,2
|
|
1.College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China;2.Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
|
| Abstract: |
| In this study, 14 common stemmy and leafy vegetables （including Brassica chinensis L., Brassica campestris L. ssp. Pekinensis, Cichorium intybus Linn.,Medicago sativa L., Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Spreng., Apium graveolens var. dulce （Mill.） Pers., Brassica rapa var. glabra Regel, Brassica oleracea var. capitata L., Lactuca sativa var. ramosa Hort, Amaranthus lividus L., Glebionis coronaria L., Ipomoea aquatica Forsk, Gynura cusimbua （D.Don） S.Moore and Lactuca sativa var. asparagina） commercially available in Shanghai and 2 uncommon leafy vegetables （Japanese woad and Meristotheca papulosa Mont.） were analyzed on the contents of water, vitamin C, protein, and soluble sugar, as well as the nitrate content for evaluating the safety risk level. The leafy vegetables, capable of nitrate accumulation, are the major vegetables consumed by residents in Shanghai. The results showed that among the 16 tested vegetables, Glebionis coronaria L. and Medicago polymorpha L. had the highest and the lowest contents of water respectively, while Medicago polymorpha L. with highest contents of vitamin C and protein, and cabbage with highest content of soluble sugar. Chinese cabbage had the lowest nitrate content, while red amaranth had the highest. Within the 2 uncommon vegetables, Meristotheca papulosa Mont. had relatively balanced nutrient contents and less accumulations of nitrate, indicating the potential for cultivation in Shanghai to accelerate the local “Vegetable Basket Program”. Overall, none of the 16 stemmy and leafy vegetables exhibited nitrate contaminaton at seriouly harmful levels, thus the nitrete content in stemmy and leafy vegetables consumed by Shanghai residents has remained at a relatively safe level. |
| Key words: commercially available stemmy and leafy vegetables nutrient component safety |
