“再穷不能穷教育”现象是否存在——家庭负债对子代教育支出的影响及异质性分析

Does the Phenomenon of “Regardless of Poverty，Education is Necessary” Hold True— The Impact of Family Debt on Children’s Educational Expenditure and its Heterogeneity

中文关键词:  家庭负债；家庭教育支出；倾向值得分匹配；教育投入

英文关键词:family debt，family educational expenditure，propensity score matching，educational investment

中文摘要:

      文章基于中国教育财政家庭调查数据，在生命周期消费理论与永久性收入假说的框架下分析了家庭负债对子代教育支出带来的影响，研究发现：（1）“再穷不能穷教育”并未得以完全证实，家庭负债对校外教育支出会产生“挤出效应”，高资产水平家庭负债后会全面削减教育支出；（2）家庭负债金额与子代教育支出呈 U 型相关，且家庭负债对校外教育支出的影响最大；（3）家庭负债对初中以及农村地区存在显著影响，“再穷不能穷教育”在高中及城市样本中得以证实；（4）与生产型负债和住房负债不同，消费型负债对子代教育支出产生“挤出效应”。基于此，文章提出完善教育经费筹措机制、推进教育发展优质均衡、提升学校育人质量以及树立科学的教育投入观等建议。

英文摘要:

      Leveraging data from the CIEFR-HS，this paper analyzes the impact of family debt on children’s educational ex‐penditures within the framework of the life cycle consumption theory and the permanent income hypothesis. It finds that（1）the assertion that“Regardless of poverty，education is necessary”has not been fully validated as family debt imposes a“crowding-out effect”on off-campus educational expenditures，and high-asset families tend to comprehensively curtail educational expenditures after incurring debt；（2）the amount of family debt demonstrates a“U-shaped”correlation with children’s educational expenditures with the most pronounced impact on off-campus educational expenditures；（3）family debt significantly affects junior high schools and rural areas，while the assertion that“Regardless of poverty，education is necessary”holds true in senior high school and urban samples；（4）unlike productive debts and housingdebts，consumption debts exert a“crowding-out effect”on children’s educational expenditures. This paper suggests improving education funding mechanisms，promoting high-quality and balanced educational development，enhancing the quality of schooling，and fostering a rational perspective on educational investment.