睡眠何以影响青少年社会情感能力 ——个体与家庭的异质性分析

How Does Sleep Affect Adolescents’ Social-emotional Skills— An Analysis on the Heterogeneity of Individual and Family

中文关键词:  睡眠时间；社会情感能力；中小学生；异质性

英文关键词:sleep duration， social-emotional skills， primary and secondary school students， heterogeneity

中文摘要:

      基于 74，120 名小学生和 79，781 中学生的调查数据，采用最小二乘法、分位数回归等方法，实证分析睡眠时间对青少年社会情感能力（开放性、责任心、外倾性、宜人性、情绪稳 定性）的影响及其异质性。研究发现：第一，充足的睡眠时间有利于青少年社会情感能力的发展；第二，睡眠时间对不同社会情感能力水平的青少年的影响存在异质性，充足的睡眠时间更有助于促进社会情感能力水平较低的小学生和社会情感能力水平中等的中学生社会情感能力的发展；第三，家庭社会经济地位的差异不会影响睡眠时间对小学生社会情感能力的作用，但会影响中学生开放性、责任心、情绪稳定性的发展。据此，个人应掌握灵活的睡眠策略，发挥睡眠的积极效应；家庭应满足子女的睡眠需求，重视子女的社会情感能力培育；学校应遵循科学的睡眠干预规律，促进学生的全面发展。

英文摘要:

      Based on survey data from 74，120 primary school students and 79，781 secondary school students， this study uses least squares and quantile regression to empirically analyze the impact of sleep duration on adolescents’ social-emotional skills （openness， conscientiousness， extraversion， agreeableness， emotional stability） as well as its heterogeneity. The study findings reveal the following： first， adequate sleep benefits adolescents’ social-emotional development； second， there exists heterogeneity in the impact of sleep duration on students with different social-emotional skills level， significantly improving the development of social-emotional skills in lower-skilled primary school students and moderately-skilled secondary school students； third， family socioeconomic status does not affect the role of sleep duration in primary school students’ social-emotional skills but does affect the development of openness， conscientiousness， and emotional stability in secondary school students. Based on these findings， individuals should adopt flexible sleep strategies to harness the positive effects of sleep； families should meet the sleep needs of their children and prioritize their social-emotional skills development； and schools should observe scientific sleep intervention guidelines to promote students’ well-rounded development.