从对话自我理论看自我的发展

Self Development from the Perspective of Dialogical-Self Theory

中文关键词:  对话自我；自我发展；自我定位

英文关键词:dialogical-self， self development， I-positions

中文摘要:

      对话自我理论是在建构主义哲学影响下产生的自我研究理论，它将自我视为由多个自主且相互交流的自我定位共同形成的复杂、开放、高度动态的心理组织。自我定位之间的张力成为自我发展的动力，激发主体内部定位组织产生改变，实现不同阶段的自我发展。在婴儿期，自我对话以具身性和关联性特点，在联合注意的作用下形成；到儿童青少年阶段，学生的自我以建立新定位以及强化积极定位声音等不同路径发展。对话自我理论因兼具动态性、微观性和整合性特征，为自我发展研究提供了良好的分析视角，对这一领域的研究具有一定的推动作用。

英文摘要:

      Developed under the philosophical influence of constructivism, dialogical-self theory is a theory on the self that views the self as a complex, open, and highly dynamic psychological organization formed jointly by multiple autonomous and communicating I-positions. The tension in the I-positions functions as driving force for self development that activates changes in the internal organization of I-positions in the agent and realizes self-development in different life stages. Self-dialogue in infants features embodiment and relatedness and is formed with joint-attention; during the childhood and adolescence, students’ self development is realized in different paths to construct new I-position and strengthening the voice of positive I-positions. Dialogical-self theory, with its characters of being dynamic, microcosmic, and integrative, provides a good framework for analyzing self development, and plays a facilitative role in this research field.