我国高等教育招生考试制度改革展顾

Retrospect and Prospect of the Reform of China’s Higher Education Enrollment Examination System

中文关键词:  考试招生制度改革；权利自由；公平公正；高校招生录取机制；高校自主招生

英文关键词:the reform of examination and enrollment system， power freedom， fair and justice， college admission mechanism， university independent recruitment

中文摘要:

      2014年9月，国务院印发了《关于深化考试招生制度改革的实施意见》，标志着新一轮考试招生制度改革开始启动。那么，该如何看待这次考试招生制度改革？文章从“历史沿革、现实景观、改革新措、问题思考”四个维度对国家和上海市的考试招生制度改革方案作文献评析，以期能对本次考试招生制度改革的历史与现实、优点与不足有全面的认识和深入的思考。我们可以从目标、内容、实施、评价等维度领会本次考试招生制度改革的新意，然而本次改革的真正亮点却在于“高校招生录取机制的变革”——“高校自主招生在全国统一高考之后进行”、“取消录取批次，实行平行志愿投档”。该变革体现着“追寻自由、力求公正”的深意。然而，“自由”却是“漂浮的权利自由”，“公正”却是“摇摆的公平公正”。鉴于漂浮的自由和摇摆的公正，考试招生制度改革依然任重而道远。

英文摘要:

      In September 2014, the State Council issued The Implementation Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the Examination Enrollment System, it marks a new round of examination and enrollment system reform began to start. So, how should we look at the examination and enrollment system reform? This article Made a literature review to the examination and enrollment system reform program of the national and Shanghai from four dimensions which is “historical evolution, Realistic appearance, New measures for reform, problem thinking”, in order to have Comprehensive understanding and in-depth thinking to the history and reality, advantages and disadvantages of this examination enrollment system reform. The article points out that we can understand the reform of the examination enrollment system from the dimensions of goal, content, implementation, evaluation and other.But the real highlight of the reform of examination and enrollment system is the change of college admission mechanism. This is reflected in two initiatives: firstly, the university independent recruitment conducts after the unified national college entrance examination; secondly, college admissions will cancel admission batch, implement parallel application. Both initiatives embody the meaning of “pursuit of freedom and to be fair”. However, the “free” is “floating power free” and “justice” is “swing fair and justice”. In view of the floating free and swaying justice, the reform of examination and enrollment system is still a long way to go.