| 摘要: |
| 茂兰国家级自然保护区拥有世界上同纬度稀有的原生性强的喀斯特森林生态系统.为阐明茂兰国家级自然保护区藓类植物多样性格局及其环境因素，在该保护区石上森林、漏斗森林、喀斯特沟谷（青龙潭）、古梅林和村落5类代表性景观设立了342个样地，系统调查了藓类植物的分布情况，计测了物种和功能多样性指数.342个样地共采集1 668份标本，鉴定到藓类植物319种，隶属106属36科.5个景观类型中，物种丰富度以青龙潭和石上森林的最高，物种多样性以石上森林最高，其次是青龙潭；功能多样性在各景观之间没有显著区别.不同的基质中，石生和树生藓类的物种多样性高于土生藓类植物；石生藓类植物功能趋异度和丰富度指数最高，树生藓类植物的功能均匀度较高.随着林冠郁闭度的增加，地面藓类的物种多样性与功能多样性均显著上升，但是随着草本盖度、土层厚度和基质湿度的增加，这些指标呈下降趋势.随着海拔的上升，石生藓类植物的物种多样性与功能多样性指标呈现上升趋势，而树生藓类呈现下降趋势.茂兰地区藓类植物的物种丰富度与功能丰富度、物种多样性与功能趋异度、物种均匀度与功能均匀度之间均呈极显著的正相关关系（p<0.001）.在喀斯特不同程度的石漠化地区，随着环境林冠郁闭度的提高，藓类植物的物种和功能多样性上升，石漠化环境的改善有利于提高藓类植物的多样性. |
| 关键词: 茂兰 藓类植物 物种 功能 多样性 基质 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.1000-5137.2022.06.005 |
| 分类号:Q94 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（31860162，32071643）；上海市自然科学基金（21ZR1447400） |
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| Diversity patterns of mosses and its determinants in Maolan (Guizhou Province, China) in view of species and function |
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HUANG Ruoling1, LI Dandan1, LYU Jinqiao1, ZHANG Yongchang1, YANG Jun1, DENG Tan2, HE Lin2, GUO Shuiliang1
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1.College of Life Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China;2.College of Biology and Agriculture, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi 563006, Guizhou, China
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| Abstract: |
| Guizhou Maolan National Nature Reserve has rare karst forest ecosystems, which are unique in the world at the same latitude. To elucidate moss diversity pattern and its environmental factors in the reserve in view of species and function, species composition and distribution of mosses in 342 sites were investigated in five representative landscapes (stone-hillside forest, funnel forest, karst valley, ancient plum forest and villages). A total of 1 668 moss specimens were collected, from which 319 species belonging to 106 genera and 36 families were identified. Among the five landscape types, species richness was highest in karst valley (Qinglong Pond) and Stone-hillside Forest, and the species diversity was highest in Stone-hillside Forest, followed by karst valley. There was no significant difference in functional diversity among these five landscapes. Among different substrates, species diversity of saxicolous mosses and epiphytic mosses was higher than that of soil-based mosses. Saxicolous mosses had the highest functional divergence and richness index, and epiphytic mosses had comparatively high functional evenness. Species diversity and functional diversity of ground mosses increased significantly with the increase of tree canopy coverage, but decreased or decreased significantly with the increase of herb coverage, soil thickness and substrate moisture. With the increase of elevation, species diversity and functional diversity of saxicolous mosses increased to an extent, while the epiphytic mosses somewhat decreased. Significantly positive correlations existed between species richness and functional richness, between species diversity and functional divergence, and between species evenness and functional evenness for the mosses in the Reserve, all at a significance of p<0.001. In karst areas with different desertification degrees, bryophyte diversity increased with the improvement of desertification environment. |
| Key words: Maolan moss species function diversity substrate |
