庄子哲学与自由的三种面相

Zhuang Tzu’s Philosophy and Three Dimensions of Freedom

中文关键词:  自由权利；自由意志；自由精神；道

英文关键词:freedom and rights, free will, free spirit, Dao

中文摘要:

      作为价值理念，自由的基本内涵是“不受强制的状态”，并且有三种理论面相：自由权利、自由意志和自由精神。“自由权利”与“自由意志”是西方近代哲学的主题，但是两者之间存在着无法解决的理论扞格；中国哲学的“道”却可以通过庄子的“自由精神”，以“自由意志”为中介来为“自由权利”奠基，从而建构一种自洽的自由理论。反过来，一个以“自由意志”为中介而实现在“自由权利”中的“自由精神”就不再是“本来”的庄子哲学，它属于21世纪的中国哲学。

英文摘要:

      As a value idea, the basic connotation of freedom is “the state of not being compulsory”, and it has three dimensions: freedom and rights, free will and free spirit. “Freedom and rights” and “free will” are the themes of Western modern philosophy, but they are theoretically contradictory. “Dao” of Chinese philosophy can establish a self-consistent freedom theory by means of Zhuang Tzu’s “free spirit”, with “free will” as a medium to lay the foundations for “freedom and rights”. Conversely, “free spirit” originating from “freedom and right” with “freedom will” as a medium is Chinese philosophy of 21th century rather than Zhuang Tzu’s philosophy.