加快发展新质生产力的主要措施与产业政策转型

Major Measures to Accelerate the Development of New Quality Productive Forces and Industrial Policy Transformation

中文关键词:  新质生产力；传统产业；智能化技术；智改数转网联；产业政策

英文关键词:new quality productive forces； traditional industry； intelligent transformation； digital transformation and network integration； industrial policy

中文摘要:

      发展以智能技术为代表的新质生产力，在时间分布上要动态合理地配置传统产业改造、新兴产业壮大、未来产业培育三大任务，尤其要高度重视用智能化新技术对传统产业进行改造升级；在具体策略上要积极推进针对现有产业的“智改数转网联”三大行动，尤其要注重“网联”行动；在治理结构上要大力培育“链主”企业、“专精特新”企业、中小企业三类主体，尤其要聚焦上下游互动与市场化治理，以突破各种创新的瓶颈；在动力机制上要努力增强创新、改革、开放三大引擎的动能，尤其要加大对内开放的力度；在要素结构上要充分展现知识、技术、人才三大要素的市场价值，畅通教育、科技、人才的良性循环。同时，不仅要在理论上澄清一些认识误区，也要对现有产业政策的实施方式进行改革，如从注重产能扩张转向创新支持、从地方主导型转向中央主导型、从挑选“输家赢家”转向创造竞争环境、从补贴生产者转向补贴用户，以防止在实践中出现产能严重过剩等泡沫化现象与问题，最大限度地支持新质生产力发展。

英文摘要:

      The advancement of new quality productive forces， epitomized by intelligent technology， necessitates a dynamic reconfiguration of the three principal tasks： the transformation of traditional industries， the growth of emerging industries， and the nurturing of future industries. It is particularly crucial to enhance the focus on the modernization and elevation of conventional in? dustries through the integration of intelligent technologies. Within the strategic framework， there is a need to vigorously imple? ment three pivotal initiatives： the intelligent restructuring of current industries， digital transformation， and a particular emphasis on network integration. In terms of governance， it is imperative to proactively foster three types of key entities：“chain masters”， “specialized entities”， and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs）. This approach emphasizes the interaction between upstream and downstream stakeholders and adopts a market-oriented governance model to overcome innovation bottle? necks. To bolster the driving forces， efforts should be directed towards strengthening the triad of innovation， reform， and open? ness， with a particular emphasis on enhancing domestic openness. The elemental structure should highlight the market value of knowledge and technological talent， thereby facilitating a virtuous cycle in education and the development of scientific and techno? logical expertise. Additionally， it is essential to address theoretical misconceptions and reform the implementation approach of current industrial policies. This includes shifting the focus from capacity expansion to innovation support， transitioning from a lo? cal to a central leadership model， moving away from selecting winners and losers to fostering a competitive environment， and changing the subsidy paradigm from producer-oriented to user-oriented. Such reforms aim to prevent the emergence of specula? tive bubbles and serious overcapacity issues， thereby maximizing the support for the development of new quality productive forces.