论人工智能的媒介政治维度

On the Media-political Dimension of Artificial Intelligence— Deep Learning as a Black Box and OpenAI

中文关键词:  深度学习；黑箱；可解释人工智能；负责任的人工智能；人工智能民主化；数据民主化；民主数字文化

英文关键词:Deep Learning; black box; explainable AI; responsible AI; democratizing AI; democratizing data; democratic digital culture

中文摘要:

      批判性研究了现代人工智能技术的媒介政治维度。研究重点不是某些人工智能驱动的特定应用如图像或语音识别系统的政治层面，而是人工智能技术基础设施，特别是关于自2006年左右被称为深度学习的机器学习方法本身的政治含义。OpenAI公司自称旨在促进人工智能民主化，并试图使像深度学习这样的技术更容易获得和透明，文章对OpenAI公司的议程和活动进行了批判性的审视，并讨论了深度学习在多大程度上是一种根本不透明的黑箱技术，只能部分被人类理解。学习算法技术如何重塑工具理性的条件，对探讨透明或负责任的人工智能的政治含义可能会更有成效。不应该仅仅讨论如何使人工智能民主化，而应该继续努力，为这个由数据驱动的世界确保普遍的民主标准。

英文摘要:

      The paper critically investigates the media-political dimension of modern AI technology. Rather than examining the political aspects of certain AI-driven applications, the focus of the paper is centered around the political implications of AI’s technological infrastructure, especially with regard to the machine learning approach that since around 2006 has been called Deep Learning (also known as the simulation of Artificial Neural Networks). Firstly, the paper discusses in how far Deep Learning is a fundamentally opaque black box technology, only partially accessible to human understanding. Secondly, and in relation to the first question, the paper takes a critical look at the agenda and activities of the research company OpenAI that supposedly aims to promote the democratization of AI and tries to make technologies like Deep Learning more accessible and transparent.