非洲文学与非裔文学的加拿大之维

Reconsidering “The Black Atlantic”: Approaching the Study of African Literature in Canada and the Presence of African-Canadian Literature

中文关键词:  非洲文学；非裔；非洲英语文学；加拿大文学；黑色大西洋；非洲流散

英文关键词:African English literature, African descent, African English literature, Canadian literature, The Black Atlantic, African diaspora

中文摘要:

      当前的非洲英语文学研究应该在国别和单个作家研究的基础上，拓展至非洲英语文学在英语国家的接受。梳理加拿大的非洲英语文学研究，由此透视非裔加拿大文学创作和研究，阐释它们的特征和走向。加拿大非洲英语文学研究关注“边缘”国家文学创作、重视女性文学，并且具有突出的理论意识。大量非裔人口的存在为非裔加拿大文学的发展奠定社会基础。非裔加拿大文学进入21世纪迎来爆发，表现出对奴隶制历史的回溯、对移民创伤的书写，以及对黑人身份的多元思考三大主题特征。在非裔加拿大文学的带动下，非裔加拿大文学研究发展迅速，产生国际影响。加拿大非洲英语文学研究和非裔加拿大文学并非截然分开，而是互有交叉、相互渗透。非洲英语文学和非裔文学的加拿大维度为重新审视强调跨民族视角、却将加拿大排除在非洲流散之外的“黑色大西洋”话语提供了有效参照。

英文摘要:

      Chinese Scholarships on African English literature should expand its focus on national and individual literary outputs to the reception of African English literature in English-speaking countries. The present paper examines the critical reception of African English literature in Canada, as well as the presence of African-Canadian literature. Canadian scholarships on African English literature are distinguished by its attention to the “marginalized” literature, its emphasis on female literature, and a prominent theoretical consciousness. The presence of the immense African population ensures the development of African-Canadian literature, which burst into fabulous flower in the 21st century, with the history of slavery, the trauma of the immigrants, and the multiple thinking of the black identity being its thematic focus. The success of African-Canadian literature enhances the study of African-Canadian literature, which is gaining more international attention. Canadian scholarships on African English literature and African-Canadian literature are not separated but interrelated, which demands an exploration of their deep relations. The Canadian context of African English literature and the presence of African-Canadian literature offer a frame of reference for reconsidering “The Black Atlantic” discourse, which excludes Canada despite its claim to a transnational perspective.