深度“汉字屋”与通用人工智能的两难

Deep “Chinese Room” and the Dilemma of General AI

中文关键词:  “汉字屋”论证；实践理解；强人工智能；通用人工智能；图灵机动物

英文关键词:“Chinese Room” argument, practical understanding， General AI

中文摘要:

      更精确地重述“汉字屋”论证的条件，“汉字屋”中的塞尔以不同于中国人的方式“学会”汉语语法，他从而试图反驳强人工智能的论证是失败的，尽管其结论依然可以成立。心灵智能的奠基性特征恰好是基于语法或语形的实践理解，完全的实践理解将通过神经肌肉系统重塑大脑，并且具有部分可逆性。完全的实践理解需要周期性的训练维持，这一特征将导致通用人工智能的两难：如果通用人工智能是心灵智能，那么它不可能全面超越人类智能；如果通用人工智能全面超越人类智能，那么它不可能是心灵智能。

英文摘要:

      If the conditions of “Chinese Room” argument are re described more accurately, Searle in the Chinese Room would learn about Chinese Grammar in the way different from Chinese people. Searle’s argument against Strong AI fails, although his conclusion is yet valid. The founding characteristics of the mind intelligence should be based on the practical understanding of syntax or grammar and the complete practical understanding partially and reversibly remodels the brain via the nerve muscle system The complete practical understanding needs regular exercises to be maintained and the characteristics will lead to a dilemma of general AIs: if general AIs are of mind, they can’t surpass HI on all respects; and if they surpass HI on all respects, they won’t be of mind.