马克思拜物教思想与劳动异化理论的历史与逻辑

The History and Logic of Marx’s Fetishism and Labor Alienation Theory

中文关键词:  劳动异化 ；拜物教；资本主义；劳动幸福

英文关键词:labor alienation, fetishism, capitalism, labor happiness

中文摘要:

      资本主义社会中人与人的关系被异化成物与物的关系，先后出现了商品拜物教、货币拜物教、资本拜物教，马克思的劳动理论说明了在“以物的依赖性为基础的社会”，商品、货币、资本与劳动关系的颠倒与转化以及商品、货币、资本对劳动的强制，这为分析资本主义拜物教理论提供了可能。劳动异化理论是破解资本主义拜物教的神秘性以及把资本主义社会物与物的关系转化为人与人关系的钥匙。社会主义社会必然会逐步消除劳动的异化，使劳动变成自觉自愿的劳动，而共产主义社会则是彻底消除拜物教思想，实现劳动幸福的必然阶段。

英文摘要:

      In the capitalist society, the relationship between human beings has been alienated into the relationship between things. Thereby commodity fetishism, currency fetishism, and capital fetishism have emerged. Marx’s labor theory illustrates that the society is based on the dependence of things. The reversal and transformation of the relationship between commodities, money, capital and labor, and the coercion of commodities, money, and capital to labor provide the possibility to analyze the theory of capitalist fetishism. The theory of labor alienation is the key to solving the mystery of capitalism fetishism and then raising the relationship between capitalist social objects to the relationship between people. The socialist society will gradually eliminate the alienation of labor and turn labor into conscious and voluntary labor, while the communist society is an inevitable stage when the idea of fetishism is completely eliminated and the happiness of labor is fully realized.