劳动、价值创造与经济增长

Labor, Value and Economic Growth

中文关键词:  马克思；劳动；劳动价值论；唯物主义；经济增长

英文关键词:Marxism, labor theory of value, labor, economic growth

中文摘要:

      坚持马克思主义劳动价值论关于劳动是价值唯一源泉的论断是尊重劳动和劳动者的基础。针对GDP增长为什么能远远超过劳动投入增长的疑问，文章首先从理论上说明，GDP的跨期比较和货币价值储藏的功能要求在将复杂劳动折算成简单劳动时，必须以历史上的简单劳动作为折算复杂劳动的基准，才能进行价值的跨期比较和测度经济增长。伴随劳动生产率的进步，劳动复杂程度总是不断提高，因而相对过去而言总会折算为更多的简单劳动时间，因此在总劳动投入量不变以及单位商品所包含的价值量下降的情况下，价值意义上的经济增长是完全可能的。最后，使用模拟情景对这个结论进行了验证和说明。

英文摘要:

      Labor as the sole source of value is the main proposition of Marxism labor theory of value, and is the key reason for respecting labor and workers. The paper is to give an answer to the question that why GDP growth could be much higher than labor input worldwide. For the intertemporal comparison of GDP, as well as the intertemporal comparison of labor value, simple labor in the past must be regarded as a benchmark when converting complex labor into simple one. Applied only by the historical benchmark, the labor value at intertemporal or international level could be compared as economic growth. The complexity of labor is keeping increase with the progress of labor productivity historically, and hence today’s complex labor can always be converted into simpler labor measured by its historical benchmark. Even though the total labor input is given and the unit value of product is decreasing, economic growth in terms of value is also possible. This conclusion is illustrated and proved by simulated scenarios.