非真值语义否定词“不”的附缀化倾向

An Analysis of Cliticization Tendency of Non-Truth Semantic Negative Word “不” (not/no)

中文关键词:  “不”；否定标记；减量标记；附缀化

英文关键词:“不” (not/no), negative marker, reductive marker, cliticization

中文摘要:

      否定词“不”经历了一系列虚化历程，在近、现代汉语中，“不”可以用来表示主观减量标记，也可以通过反诘而强调肯定，从而表现出一系列附缀化的语法特征。“不”的这些附缀化特征可以看作其语法化历程中某一阶段的表现。从附缀“不”在共时层面的非常规用法角度入手，分别从句法分布及其限制环境、语法特征、虚化历程等角度，分析了非真值语义否定词“不”的附缀化功能与表现。

英文摘要:

      The negative word “不” (not/no) has experienced a series of grammaticalization processes. In modern Chinese language, the word “不” (not/no) is used as a marker of the subjective reduction, and it can also have an affirmative meaning in retorting mood. Accordingly, a succession of cliticizatical features is unfolded, which are characteristics in cliticization phase of grammaticalization processing. Starting with the synchronic study of unconventional usage of the word “不” (not/no), this paper analyses its cliticization tendency from the syntactic distribution, restricted context, the grammatical features and grammaticalization processes respectively.