施惠与控制：近代上海劳工福利政策的双重效应

Benefits and Control: Dual Effects of the Labor Welfare Policies in Modern Shanghai

中文关键词:  国家控制；劳工抗争；社会福利史；历史社会学

英文关键词:state control, labor struggle, history of social welfare, historical sociology

中文摘要:

      1927年之后，上海市政府陆续实施了一系列旨在保护劳工的福利政策。这些福利政策在表达惠工话语的背后，实际上深刻地隐含了对劳工进行规控的企图。劳动政策本身的福利性在这种语境下被一种合法化的国家控制所替代。劳工抗争出乎意料地被规限于既定的国家福利政策框架之内。过去动辄罢工、封厂的劳工抗争运动，在这种福利政策框架下日渐消弭，取而代之的是一种被规训的抗争行动。

英文摘要:

      Since 1927, a number of welfare policies aimed at protecting workers had been put into force by Shanghai government. It seemed that these policies were beneficial to the labors, however, the intention of controlling the labors were thickly covered. In this way, the welfare of the labor policy itself was replaced by the legalized state control. The labor struggles were unexpectedly restricted to the established frame of national welfare policies. Consequently, labors’ struggles, such as strikes and close-down of factories were gradually eliminated and replaced by the controlled struggles.