“个人信息权”性质之辨与立法模式研究——以互联网新型权利为视角

A Study on the Nature of Personal Information Right and Its Legislative Model: from the Perspective of New Internet Rights

中文关键词:  民法总则；个人信息；个人隐私；个人信息权；民事权利

英文关键词:general rules of civil law, personal information, individual privacy, right of personal information, right in civil affairs

中文摘要:

      大数据时代，每位个体在享受互联网便捷的同时，与个体人身紧密相关的各种信息处于“裸奔”状态，个人信息遭泄露、被非法利用情况多发，如何保护个人信息，是网络安全的必然要求。关于个人信息，在中国有宪法权利、人格权、财产权、知识产权的多种观点。是《民法总则》全新的法律概念，是个人主体对其信息享有占有、使用、收益、处分，并有权防止他人干扰的权利，属于一项新型民事权利。不能把“个人信息权”纳入公法权利、民法人格权,也不能纳入物权法财产权,更不能纳入知识产权。“个人信息权”属于继股权、知识产权之后的新型民事权利。为了有效保护“个人信息权”，中国有必要制定专门的《个人信息保护法》。

英文摘要:

      In the big data era, each individual enjoys the convenience of the internet, and a variety of information closely related to individuals is also in the naked state. Leakage of personal information and illegal use of personal information occur frequently. How to protect personal information is an inevitable requirement of network security. Constitutional rights, personality rights and property rights in China all concern personal information. “Personal information right” is a new legal concept of “General Principles of Civil Law”, and “personal information right” is that the individual subject enjoys possession, use, profit and disposition of his information. The right to prevent others from interfering is a new type of civil right. “Personal information right” cannot be incorporated into public law right, civil law personality right, or property right of property law. “The right of personal information” belongs to the new civil right after equity and intellectual property. In order to protect the right of personal information effectively, it is necessary for China to enact a special Personal Information Protection Law.