康德基于自由意志的正义思想

Kant’s Justice Thoughts Based on the Free Will

中文关键词:  康德；自由；正义

英文关键词:Kant; freedom; justice

中文摘要:

      康德的义务论体现在“善德”领域和法权领域，包括德性义务和权利（即法律）义务。在他看来，人的道德法则及权利义务均源自人的自由意志。正义是出于自由意志的权利义务，是在法律状态下人的意志的自由行使能够与所有其他人的自由相并存，是权利和法制的统一。康德明确用“自由”去界定“正义”，其基于自由意志的正义思想对当代政治哲学产生了重大的影响。

英文摘要:

      Kant’s deontology is embodied in the field of “good morality” and the field of legal rights, including moral obligations and rights (legal) obligations. In his view, people’s moral laws and legal obligations are derived from people’s free will. Justice is the legal obligation derived from the free will, the free exercise of human will in the state of law that can coexist with the freedom of all other people, and the unity of rights and the legal system. Kant clearly uses “freedom” to define “justice”, and his thoughts of justice based on free exert a significant impact on contemporary political philosophy.