何为哲学与如何做哲学

What is Philosophy and How to Research Philosophy

中文关键词:  史思互动；中西交融；多元进路

英文关键词:interaction between history and thinking; fusion of Chinese and Western learning; multiple approaches

中文摘要:

      哲学之为哲学的普遍品格，与哲学的理论内涵具有一致性，后者决定了研究中国哲学不能仅仅限定在历史材料的梳理这一层面，在从事哲学史研究之时，需要从以往经典中揭示其普遍的意义。这一进路的前提，是肯定“史”和“思”之间的沟通或哲学的历史和哲学的理论的统一。与史思互动相关的，是中国哲学和西方哲学的关系。历史地看，西方哲学与中国哲学都曾各自独立地发展，随着中国步入近代，中西之学的相遇、相撞、相融逐渐成为一种需要正视的历史现象。作为人类文明的产物，西方哲学包含丰富的思想资源。就中西之学的关系而言，对西方哲学态度需要有宽宏的气度，后者意味着承认中西之学及其传统固然各有自身特点，但都是哲学研究和思考不可或缺的思想资源。从学理的层面看，这意味着在世界哲学的这种视野之下来看待中国哲学并从事哲学的思考。如果说，以世界哲学为内涵的开放视野构成了中国哲学在今天延续生成过程的前提，那么，注重多元的哲学智慧则为这一过程提供了内在的理论依托。就更为实质的方面而言，除了史思互动、中西交融，以及与之相关的世界哲学视域之外，“如何做哲学”或哲学的研究进路，还可以从基于科学的反思、生活实践、形上与形下的互动等层面加以考察。

英文摘要:

      Philosophy as the universal character of philosophy is consistent with the theoretical connotation of philosophy. The latter determines that the study of Chinese philosophy cannot be limited to the level of combing historical materials. When engaging in the study of the history of philosophy, it is necessary to reveal its universal significance from the previous classics. The premise of this approach is to affirm the communication between “history” and “thinking” or the unity of philosophical history and philosophical theory. Related to the interaction between history and thinking is the relationship between Chinese philosophy and Western philosophy. Historically, Western philosophy and Chinese philosophy have developed independently. As China enters modern times, the encounter, collision, and fusion of Chinese and Western learning has gradually become a historical phenomenon that needs to be addressed squarely. As a product of human civilization, Western philosophy contains rich ideological resources. As far as the relationship between Chinese and Western studies is concerned, a magnanimous attitude towards Western philosophy is required. The latter means to recognize that although Chinese and Western studies and their traditions have their own characteristics, they are both indispensable intellectual resources for philosophical research and thinking. From a theoretical level, this means looking at Chinese philosophy and engaging in philosophical thinking from the perspective of world philosophy. If it is said that the open vision with the connotation of world philosophy constitutes the premise of the continuation of the generation process of Chinese philosophy today, then the emphasis on pluralistic philosophical wisdom provides the internal theoretical support for this process. In terms of a more substantial aspect, in addition to the interaction between history and thinking, the integration of Chinese and Western ideas, and the related world philosophy horizons, “how to research philosophy” or the approach of philosophy research can also be investigated on basis of the level of scientific reflection, life practice, and the interaction between metaphysics and physics.