牟宗三、唐君毅对朱陆异同的不同阐释与学术冲突

The Different Interpretations and Their Academic Conflicts between Mou Zongsan and Tang Junyi on the Similarities and Differences between Zhu Xi and Lu Jiuyuan

中文关键词:  牟宗三；唐君毅；朱熹；陆九渊；理学；心学

英文关键词:Mou Zongsan, Tang Junyi, Zhu Xi, Lu Jiuyuan, similarities and differences between Zhu and Lu

中文摘要:

      对于冯友兰认为朱陆最根本的差异不在于朱熹偏重道问学、陆九渊偏重尊德性，而在于朱熹言“性即理”为理学、陆九渊言“心即理”为心学，牟宗三强调朱陆所言尊德性具有不同内涵，并且认为朱陆异同在于朱熹讲“只存有而不活动”之理，陆九渊讲“心即理”，朱熹“不能说‘心即理’，只能说‘性即理’”。与冯友兰、牟宗三不同，唐君毅认为,朱熹所言“性即理”与“心即理”可以并行不悖，朱陆异同并不在于本体论上“性即理”与“心即理”的相互对立，而是在工夫论上存在某些差异，在于陆九渊讲“发明其本心”，朱熹讲“去其气禀物欲之杂”，同时两者亦可以相互贯通。

英文摘要:

      Feng Youlan thought that the most fundamental difference between Zhu Xi and Lu Jiuyuan did not lie in Zhu’s emphasis on knowledge and Lu’s on virtue, but in Zhu’s saying “Nature is Li” and Lu’s saying “Mind is Li”. Mou Zongsan thought that both Zhu and Lu put emphasis on virtue but their connotations were different, and the similarities and differences between Zhu and Lu lay in Zhu’s saying Li of “Merely Being but Inactive” and Lu’s saying “Mind is Li”, Zhu did not have saying “Mind is Li” but “Nature is Li”. Different from Feng Youlan and Mou Zongsan, Tang Junyi thought the similarities and differences between Zhu and Lu lay in their theory of effort. Lu’s saying “discovering and brightening the real mind” and Lu’s saying “dislodging the unkempt Qi and material desire” could run parallel and connect with each other in Tang Junyi’s opinion.