试论实验教学中学生化学素养的培养

The Study of Improving the Students’ Quality in Experiment Teaching

中文关键词:  化学素养；课堂实验；拓展实验；科学知识；化学意识；化学精神

英文关键词:chemical literacy, in-class experiment, extended experiment, scientific knowledge, Chemical comsciousness, Chemical spirit

中文摘要:

      《高中化学课程标准》明确把培养和发展学生的科学素养作为核心目标，化学是一门以实验为基础的自然学科，提高实验中的化学素养是必然趋势。中学实验涉及实验目的的达成，实验方案的设计、评价、反思以及绿色环保化学的理念等。因而文章通过对实验教学进行分析和研究，提出提高化学素养的方法和要领。旨在帮助学生形成化学概念，理解和巩固化学知识，培养学生观察、分析、操作等多项能力，具备化学意识和化学研究的科学精神。文章采用的研究方法是实践法、归纳比较法、案例探究法等，旨在比较分析化学素养在实验教学中的表现和作用，选取典型化学实验进行探究，设计教学方案，探究化学素养提高的可行性。

英文摘要:

      It is listed explicitly in the “High School Chemistry Curriculum Criteria” that cultivating and developing students’ scientific literacy is the key objective. As chemistry is a natural science based on experiments, it is inevitable to enhance the chemical literacy in experiments. Whichever type the experiment belongs to, they all involve reaching goals, designing experimental plans, making comments, reflecting and enhancing concepts of environmental protection. Therefore, this thesis offers the methods and gist of enhancing chemical literacy by means of analyzing and studying experiment teaching in such fields and it aims at helping students from chemical concepts, understand and consolidate knowledge about chemistry, develop the ability to observe, analyze and operate, possess awareness of chemistry and a scientific spirit. The research methods used in this thesis include practice, summary, compare and contrast, case study, conducting chemical experiments in different types of class, collecting students’ feedback, summarizing examination questions about the common knowledge, comparing and analyzing the performance and effect of chemical literacy in experiment teaching, studying typical experiments, designing teaching plan and exploring the feasibility of enhancing chemical literacy.